.NET Forum / ASP.NET / Web Services / April 2008
WCF webservice over SSL and without
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Jonathan Kay - 04 Apr 2008 04:12 GMT Hi,
I'd like to my WCF webservice to work both on SSL and without. Unfortunately searching has led to dead ends, references to changes that only work on the old previous beta versions and I admit I am rather confused and frustrated.
That being said, I'd like some direction in how exactly I'm supposed to accomplish this.
Thanks very much, JK
Steven Cheng [MSFT] - 04 Apr 2008 06:59 GMT Hi Jonathan,
From your description, you're going to expose your WCF service via both SSL and non-SSL channel, correct?
Are you going to use SSL over Http(the most common and convenient approach)? For non-SSL, I think it is quite straightforward, and what you need to do is adding a new service endponit that use https/ssl based address. If hosting in IIS is possible, I recommend you host the https/ssl one in IIS since that can make the SSL/HTTPS configuration much more convenient. Here are some reference about configuring SSL/HTTPS in IIS:
#On IIS 6.0, how do I configure my website to use SSL? http://www.petri.co.il/configure_ssl_on_your_website_with_iis.htm
#Configuring SSL on a Web Server or Web Site (IIS 6.0) http://www.microsoft.com/technet/prodtechnol/WindowsServer2003/Library/IIS/5 6bdf977-14f8-4867-9c51-34c346d48b04.mspx?mfr=true
Sure, https/ssl can be used out of IIS based on the new http.sys component in windows and WCF can also uitlize it. However, it will require much more configuration which is complex. Here are some reference mentioned about configurating HTTPS in self-hosted context:
#Configuring HTTP and HTTPS http://msdn2.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ms733768.aspx
#WCF example: Using of self-hosted service with SSL http://developers.de/blogs/damir_dobric/archive/2006/08/01/897.aspx
Sincerely,
Steven Cheng
Microsoft MSDN Online Support Lead
Delighting our customers is our #1 priority. We welcome your comments and suggestions about how we can improve the support we provide to you. Please feel free to let my manager know what you think of the level of service provided. You can send feedback directly to my manager at: msdnmg@microsoft.com.
================================================== Get notification to my posts through email? Please refer to http://msdn.microsoft.com/subscriptions/managednewsgroups/default.aspx#notif ications.
Note: The MSDN Managed Newsgroup support offering is for non-urgent issues where an initial response from the community or a Microsoft Support Engineer within 1 business day is acceptable. Please note that each follow up response may take approximately 2 business days as the support professional working with you may need further investigation to reach the most efficient resolution. The offering is not appropriate for situations that require urgent, real-time or phone-based interactions or complex project analysis and dump analysis issues. Issues of this nature are best handled working with a dedicated Microsoft Support Engineer by contacting Microsoft Customer Support Services (CSS) at http://msdn.microsoft.com/subscriptions/support/default.aspx. ================================================== This posting is provided "AS IS" with no warranties, and confers no rights.
-------------------- Reply-To: "Jonathan Kay" <jonathankay@newsgroup.nospam> From: "Jonathan Kay" <jonathankay@newsgroup.nospam> Subject: WCF webservice over SSL and without Date: Thu, 3 Apr 2008 23:12:13 -0400
Hi,
I'd like to my WCF webservice to work both on SSL and without. Unfortunately searching has led to dead ends, references to changes that only work on the old previous beta versions and I admit I am rather confused and frustrated.
That being said, I'd like some direction in how exactly I'm supposed to accomplish this.
Thanks very much, JK
Jonathan Kay - 04 Apr 2008 17:58 GMT Thank you Steven. Yes I am going to use the IIS method and I do have it already setup for that. I'm also familiar with how to setup a secure site in IIS. Additionally, I've also configured the older ASMX webservices over https via IIS before.
However, with this WCF webservice, if I hit the .svc file via IE using the https://server/service.svc link it spits back a http link reference to the WSDL. Even if I rewrite the URL as https://server/services.svc?WSDL, it just sends me to the initial page with the http wsdl link.
Surely that can't be right?
I'm assuming there's some point of endpoint configuration I need to do. That's the part I'm missing/confused about. -JK
> Hi Jonathan, > [quoted text clipped - 76 lines] > Thanks very much, > JK Tiago Halm - 05 Apr 2008 01:25 GMT Jonathan,
It depends on the binding you're using - basicHttpBinding or wsHttpBinding - and on the security mode you're using - Message or Transport.
If basicHttpBinding or wsHttpBinding and security mode as transport, then its quite similar to an ASMX WebService. If wsHttpBinding, then all the encryption/signature is handled by SOAP instead of HTTP (IIS) and should be configured in the configuration file.
Anyway, have a look at the common securtity scenarios and see where your fits: http://msdn2.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ms730301.aspx
Afterwards, and if you still have difficulty setting it up, let us know and we'll give you a hand.
Tiago Halm
> Thank you Steven. Yes I am going to use the IIS method and I do have it > already setup for that. I'm also familiar with how to setup a secure site [quoted text clipped - 102 lines] >> Thanks very much, >> JK Steven Cheng [MSFT] - 07 Apr 2008 04:16 GMT Hi Jonathan,
Thanks for your reply. Based on your further description, you have setup the SSL correctly in IIS server, but encountered some problem visit the WCF service's metadata page, correct?
I've also performed some test on my local side and I think the following setting should be the cause of the problem:
#<serviceMetadata> http://msdn2.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ms731317.aspx
For WCF service, you need to use <serviceMetadata> behavior to specify how your service's metadata can be visited by client-side. By default, in the autogenerated service configuration, "httpGetEnabled" is true. However, you also need to enable "httpsGet" since you'll use https/ssl.
Here is the behavior setting used in my test WCF service. after enable "httpsGet" , you should be able to visit the WSDL document via https correctly.
========================= <behaviors> <serviceBehaviors> <behavior name="ServiceBehavior"> <serviceMetadata httpGetEnabled="true" httpsGetEnabled="true" />
</behavior> ............ ==========================
Hope this helps.
Sincerely,
Steven Cheng
Microsoft MSDN Online Support Lead
Delighting our customers is our #1 priority. We welcome your comments and suggestions about how we can improve the support we provide to you. Please feel free to let my manager know what you think of the level of service provided. You can send feedback directly to my manager at: msdnmg@microsoft.com.
================================================== Get notification to my posts through email? Please refer to http://msdn.microsoft.com/subscriptions/managednewsgroups/default.aspx#notif ications.
================================================== This posting is provided "AS IS" with no warranties, and confers no rights.
-------------------- Reply-To: "Jonathan Kay" <jonathankay@newsgroup.nospam> From: "Jonathan Kay" <jonathankay@newsgroup.nospam> References: <O5QTyGglIHA.1208@TK2MSFTNGP05.phx.gbl> <2SOZQkhlIHA.1036@TK2MSFTNGHUB02.phx.gbl> Subject: Re: WCF webservice over SSL and without Date: Fri, 4 Apr 2008 12:58:48 -0400
Thank you Steven. Yes I am going to use the IIS method and I do have it already setup for that. I'm also familiar with how to setup a secure site in IIS. Additionally, I've also configured the older ASMX webservices over https via IIS before.
However, with this WCF webservice, if I hit the .svc file via IE using the https://server/service.svc link it spits back a http link reference to the WSDL. Even if I rewrite the URL as https://server/services.svc?WSDL, it just sends me to the initial page with the http wsdl link.
Surely that can't be right?
I'm assuming there's some point of endpoint configuration I need to do. That's the part I'm missing/confused about. -JK
> Hi Jonathan, > [quoted text clipped - 12 lines] > > #Configuring SSL on a Web Server or Web Site (IIS 6.0) http://www.microsoft.com/technet/prodtechnol/WindowsServer2003/Library/IIS/5
> 6bdf977-14f8-4867-9c51-34c346d48b04.mspx?mfr=true > [quoted text clipped - 23 lines] > ================================================== > Get notification to my posts through email? Please refer to http://msdn.microsoft.com/subscriptions/managednewsgroups/default.aspx#notif
> ications. > [quoted text clipped - 31 lines] > Thanks very much, > JK Steven Cheng [MSFT] - 09 Apr 2008 10:28 GMT Hi Jonathan,
Have you got any progress on this or does the suggestion in my last reply help some?
Sincerely,
Steven Cheng
Microsoft MSDN Online Support Lead
Delighting our customers is our #1 priority. We welcome your comments and suggestions about how we can improve the support we provide to you. Please feel free to let my manager know what you think of the level of service provided. You can send feedback directly to my manager at: msdnmg@microsoft.com.
================================================== Get notification to my posts through email? Please refer to http://msdn.microsoft.com/subscriptions/managednewsgroups/default.aspx#notif ications.
This posting is provided "AS IS" with no warranties, and confers no rights.
-------------------- Reply-To: "Jonathan Kay" <jonathankay@newsgroup.nospam> From: "Jonathan Kay" <jonathankay@newsgroup.nospam> References: <O5QTyGglIHA.1208@TK2MSFTNGP05.phx.gbl> <2SOZQkhlIHA.1036@TK2MSFTNGHUB02.phx.gbl> Subject: Re: WCF webservice over SSL and without Date: Fri, 4 Apr 2008 12:58:48 -0400
Thank you Steven. Yes I am going to use the IIS method and I do have it already setup for that. I'm also familiar with how to setup a secure site in IIS. Additionally, I've also configured the older ASMX webservices over https via IIS before.
However, with this WCF webservice, if I hit the .svc file via IE using the https://server/service.svc link it spits back a http link reference to the WSDL. Even if I rewrite the URL as https://server/services.svc?WSDL, it just sends me to the initial page with the http wsdl link.
Surely that can't be right?
I'm assuming there's some point of endpoint configuration I need to do. That's the part I'm missing/confused about. -JK
> Hi Jonathan, > [quoted text clipped - 12 lines] > > #Configuring SSL on a Web Server or Web Site (IIS 6.0) http://www.microsoft.com/technet/prodtechnol/WindowsServer2003/Library/IIS/5
> 6bdf977-14f8-4867-9c51-34c346d48b04.mspx?mfr=true > [quoted text clipped - 23 lines] > ================================================== > Get notification to my posts through email? Please refer to http://msdn.microsoft.com/subscriptions/managednewsgroups/default.aspx#notif
> ications. > [quoted text clipped - 31 lines] > Thanks very much, > JK Jonathan Kay - 25 Apr 2008 01:39 GMT Hi Steven and Tiago,
Sorry for the late response, I've been away for a bit and this got put on the backburner.
Thanks to both of you, I've managed to get https working (almost). I think perhaps I'm still doing something wrong?
After adding httpsGetEnabled="true, it works beautifully, however, it spits out https://machinename/filename.svc?wsdl which won't work from the public internet.
So to change this, among the other things I've attempted, I tried using httpsGetUrl and was presented with this: A registration already exists for URI 'https://machinename/file.svc'.
I've tried other things (baseAddress, etc.) and none of it seems to change it...
Thanks, JK
> Hi Jonathan, > [quoted text clipped - 133 lines] >> Thanks very much, >> JK Steven Cheng [MSFT] - 25 Apr 2008 05:56 GMT Thanks for your followup JK,
So the problem seems due to the the public internet can not directly get into your server machien via the servername. is there a public accessible DNS address for the server so that external network can visit it?
Based on my research, for IIS hosted WCF environment, it will be hard to customize the metadata exchange endpoints. I think you can consider the following mean to expose the WCF service's metadata:
1. You can host the same service on another public accessible server and it is only used to expose the metadata for the client to download. also, for that service, you do not need to use HTTPS/SSL
2. WCF provide a svcutil.exe that can help download the metadata of a service to local files. You can use it to download the metadata to local files and republish them via a public accessible server. BTW, you need to open the wsdl document and change some urls in it since the default values are still pointing to the original server address(the machinename for your case):
#ServiceModel Metadata Utility Tool (Svcutil.exe) http://msdn2.microsoft.com/en-us/library/aa347733.aspx
Sincerely,
Steven Cheng
Microsoft MSDN Online Support Lead
Delighting our customers is our #1 priority. We welcome your comments and suggestions about how we can improve the support we provide to you. Please feel free to let my manager know what you think of the level of service provided. You can send feedback directly to my manager at: msdnmg@microsoft.com.
================================================== Get notification to my posts through email? Please refer to http://msdn.microsoft.com/subscriptions/managednewsgroups/default.aspx#notif ications.
Note: The MSDN Managed Newsgroup support offering is for non-urgent issues where an initial response from the community or a Microsoft Support Engineer within 1 business day is acceptable. Please note that each follow up response may take approximately 2 business days as the support professional working with you may need further investigation to reach the most efficient resolution. The offering is not appropriate for situations that require urgent, real-time or phone-based interactions or complex project analysis and dump analysis issues. Issues of this nature are best handled working with a dedicated Microsoft Support Engineer by contacting Microsoft Customer Support Services (CSS) at http://msdn.microsoft.com/subscriptions/support/default.aspx. ================================================== This posting is provided "AS IS" with no warranties, and confers no rights. -------------------- Reply-To: "Jonathan Kay" <jonathankay@newsgroup.nospam> From: "Jonathan Kay" <jonathankay@newsgroup.nospam> References: <O5QTyGglIHA.1208@TK2MSFTNGP05.phx.gbl> <2SOZQkhlIHA.1036@TK2MSFTNGHUB02.phx.gbl> <exN2pUnlIHA.4076@TK2MSFTNGP05.phx.gbl> <ifXunQimIHA.8872@TK2MSFTNGHUB02.phx.gbl> Subject: Re: WCF webservice over SSL and without Date: Thu, 24 Apr 2008 20:39:14 -0400
Hi Steven and Tiago,
Sorry for the late response, I've been away for a bit and this got put on the backburner.
Thanks to both of you, I've managed to get https working (almost). I think perhaps I'm still doing something wrong?
After adding httpsGetEnabled="true, it works beautifully, however, it spits out https://machinename/filename.svc?wsdl which won't work from the public internet.
So to change this, among the other things I've attempted, I tried using httpsGetUrl and was presented with this: A registration already exists for URI 'https://machinename/file.svc'.
I've tried other things (baseAddress, etc.) and none of it seems to change it...
Thanks, JK
> Hi Jonathan, > [quoted text clipped - 15 lines] > ================================================== > Get notification to my posts through email? Please refer to http://msdn.microsoft.com/subscriptions/managednewsgroups/default.aspx#notif
> ications. > [quoted text clipped - 48 lines] >> >> #Configuring SSL on a Web Server or Web Site (IIS 6.0) http://www.microsoft.com/technet/prodtechnol/WindowsServer2003/Library/IIS/5
>> 6bdf977-14f8-4867-9c51-34c346d48b04.mspx?mfr=true >> [quoted text clipped - 23 lines] >> ================================================== >> Get notification to my posts through email? Please refer to http://msdn.microsoft.com/subscriptions/managednewsgroups/default.aspx#notif
>> ications. >> [quoted text clipped - 32 lines] >> Thanks very much, >> JK Jonathan Kay - 25 Apr 2008 17:08 GMT Thanks, but I know how to do all that. Http works fine (because I set a host header with the correct public host name), this is just https that's the problem...
I simply want to customize the machinename in https://machinename/file.svc?wsdl output on https when going to the service.
-JK
> Thanks for your followup JK, > [quoted text clipped - 232 lines] >>> Thanks very much, >>> JK Steven Cheng [MSFT] - 28 Apr 2008 11:15 GMT Thanks for your reply Jonathan,
I'll perform some further research to see whether there is still any other means helpful. I'll update you if I get any new results.
Sincerely,
Steven Cheng
Microsoft MSDN Online Support Lead
Delighting our customers is our #1 priority. We welcome your comments and suggestions about how we can improve the support we provide to you. Please feel free to let my manager know what you think of the level of service provided. You can send feedback directly to my manager at: msdnmg@microsoft.com.
================================================== Get notification to my posts through email? Please refer to http://msdn.microsoft.com/subscriptions/managednewsgroups/default.aspx#notif ications.
================================================== This posting is provided "AS IS" with no warranties, and confers no rights.
-------------------- Reply-To: "Jonathan Kay" <jonathankay@newsgroup.nospam> From: "Jonathan Kay" <jonathankay@newsgroup.nospam> References: <O5QTyGglIHA.1208@TK2MSFTNGP05.phx.gbl> <2SOZQkhlIHA.1036@TK2MSFTNGHUB02.phx.gbl> <exN2pUnlIHA.4076@TK2MSFTNGP05.phx.gbl> <ifXunQimIHA.8872@TK2MSFTNGHUB02.phx.gbl> <#cVBNzmpIHA.3900@TK2MSFTNGP05.phx.gbl> <5Qs4PDppIHA.3608@TK2MSFTNGHUB02.phx.gbl> Subject: Re: WCF webservice over SSL and without Date: Fri, 25 Apr 2008 12:08:53 -0400
Thanks, but I know how to do all that. Http works fine (because I set a host header with the correct public host name), this is just https that's the problem...
I simply want to customize the machinename in https://machinename/file.svc?wsdl output on https when going to the service.
-JK
> Thanks for your followup JK, > [quoted text clipped - 34 lines] > ================================================== > Get notification to my posts through email? Please refer to http://msdn.microsoft.com/subscriptions/managednewsgroups/default.aspx#notif
> ications. > [quoted text clipped - 67 lines] >> ================================================== >> Get notification to my posts through email? Please refer to http://msdn.microsoft.com/subscriptions/managednewsgroups/default.aspx#notif
>> ications. >> [quoted text clipped - 47 lines] >>> >>> #Configuring SSL on a Web Server or Web Site (IIS 6.0) http://www.microsoft.com/technet/prodtechnol/WindowsServer2003/Library/IIS/5
>>> 6bdf977-14f8-4867-9c51-34c346d48b04.mspx?mfr=true >>> [quoted text clipped - 26 lines] >>> ================================================== >>> Get notification to my posts through email? Please refer to http://msdn.microsoft.com/subscriptions/managednewsgroups/default.aspx#notif
>>> ications. >>> [quoted text clipped - 35 lines] >>> Thanks very much, >>> JK Steven Cheng [MSFT] - 29 Apr 2008 03:34 GMT Hi Jonathan,
Here are some further information I've got. The url address display on the service description does be changable. We can change it by customizing the servicehost's base address. For IIS hosted scenario, we need to register a ServiceHostFactory for the service like below:
=======apply the service factory type in @ServiceHost directive================ <%@ ServiceHost Language="C#" Debug="true" Service="Service" Factory="WCFExtensionLib.MyServiceHostFactory" CodeBehind="~/App_Code/Service.cs" %>
===========create the custom servicehost factory class===============
namespace WCFExtensionLib { public class MyServiceHostFactory :ServiceHostFactory { protected override System.ServiceModel.ServiceHost CreateServiceHost(Type serviceType, Uri[] baseAddresses) { Uri[] addrs = new Uri[2]; addrs[0] = new Uri("http://138129m/WCFSVC/service.svc"); addrs[1] = new Uri("https://138129m/WCFSVC/service.svc");
return base.CreateServiceHost(serviceType, addrs); } } } =======================
BTW, the address you supplied should match the service.svc(svc file)'s real virtual path so that the client consumer can reach the svc file via that path, otherwise, it will not work.
Hope this also helps some.
Sincerely,
Steven Cheng
Microsoft MSDN Online Support Lead
Delighting our customers is our #1 priority. We welcome your comments and suggestions about how we can improve the support we provide to you. Please feel free to let my manager know what you think of the level of service provided. You can send feedback directly to my manager at: msdnmg@microsoft.com.
================================================== Get notification to my posts through email? Please refer to http://msdn.microsoft.com/subscriptions/managednewsgroups/default.aspx#notif ications.
================================================== This posting is provided "AS IS" with no warranties, and confers no rights.
-------------------- X-Tomcat-ID: 90102308 References: <O5QTyGglIHA.1208@TK2MSFTNGP05.phx.gbl> <2SOZQkhlIHA.1036@TK2MSFTNGHUB02.phx.gbl> <exN2pUnlIHA.4076@TK2MSFTNGP05.phx.gbl> <ifXunQimIHA.8872@TK2MSFTNGHUB02.phx.gbl> <#cVBNzmpIHA.3900@TK2MSFTNGP05.phx.gbl> <5Qs4PDppIHA.3608@TK2MSFTNGHUB02.phx.gbl> <eu0tt6upIHA.1240@TK2MSFTNGP02.phx.gbl> MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: multipart/alternative; boundary="----=_NextPart_0001_B95C5D5C" Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit From: stcheng@online.microsoft.com (Steven Cheng [MSFT]) Organization: Microsoft Date: Mon, 28 Apr 2008 10:15:32 GMT Subject: Re: WCF webservice over SSL and without X-Tomcat-NG: microsoft.public.dotnet.framework.webservices Message-ID: <NUX1RjRqIHA.6028@TK2MSFTNGHUB02.phx.gbl> Newsgroups: microsoft.public.dotnet.framework.webservices Lines: 633 Path: TK2MSFTNGHUB02.phx.gbl Xref: TK2MSFTNGHUB02.phx.gbl microsoft.public.dotnet.framework.webservices:3487 NNTP-Posting-Host: TOMCATIMPORT3 10.201.220.210
Thanks for your reply Jonathan,
I'll perform some further research to see whether there is still any other means helpful. I'll update you if I get any new results.
Sincerely,
Steven Cheng
Microsoft MSDN Online Support Lead
Delighting our customers is our #1 priority. We welcome your comments and suggestions about how we can improve the support we provide to you. Please feel free to let my manager know what you think of the level of service provided. You can send feedback directly to my manager at: msdnmg@microsoft.com.
================================================== Get notification to my posts through email? Please refer to http://msdn.microsoft.com/subscriptions/managednewsgroups/default.aspx#notif ications.
================================================== This posting is provided "AS IS" with no warranties, and confers no rights.
-------------------- Reply-To: "Jonathan Kay" <jonathankay@newsgroup.nospam> From: "Jonathan Kay" <jonathankay@newsgroup.nospam> References: <O5QTyGglIHA.1208@TK2MSFTNGP05.phx.gbl> <2SOZQkhlIHA.1036@TK2MSFTNGHUB02.phx.gbl> <exN2pUnlIHA.4076@TK2MSFTNGP05.phx.gbl> <ifXunQimIHA.8872@TK2MSFTNGHUB02.phx.gbl> <#cVBNzmpIHA.3900@TK2MSFTNGP05.phx.gbl> <5Qs4PDppIHA.3608@TK2MSFTNGHUB02.phx.gbl> Subject: Re: WCF webservice over SSL and without Date: Fri, 25 Apr 2008 12:08:53 -0400
Thanks, but I know how to do all that. Http works fine (because I set a host header with the correct public host name), this is just https that's the problem...
I simply want to customize the machinename in https://machinename/file.svc?wsdl output on https when going to the service.
-JK
"Steven Cheng [MSFT]" <stcheng@online.microsoft.com> wrote in message news:5Qs4PDppIHA.3608@TK2MSFTNGHUB02.phx.gbl...
> Thanks for your followup JK, > [quoted text clipped - 7 lines] > > 1. You can host the same service on another public accessible server and it
> is only used to expose the metadata for the client to download. also, for > that service, you do not need to use HTTPS/SSL [quoted text clipped - 23 lines] > ================================================== > Get notification to my posts through email? Please refer to http://msdn.microsoft.com/subscriptions/managednewsgroups/default.aspx#notif
> ications. > [quoted text clipped - 27 lines] > > Thanks to both of you, I've managed to get https working (almost). I think
> perhaps I'm still > doing something wrong? > > After adding httpsGetEnabled="true, it works beautifully, however, it spits
> out > https://machinename/filename.svc?wsdl which won't work from the public [quoted text clipped - 30 lines] >> ================================================== >> Get notification to my posts through email? Please refer to http://msdn.microsoft.com/subscriptions/managednewsgroups/default.aspx#notif
>> ications. >> [quoted text clipped - 16 lines] >> >> However, with this WCF webservice, if I hit the .svc file via IE using the
>> https://server/service.svc link it spits back a http link reference to the
>> WSDL. >> Even if I rewrite the URL as https://server/services.svc?WSDL, it just [quoted text clipped - 18 lines] >>> Are you going to use SSL over Http(the most common and convenient >>> approach)? For non-SSL, I think it is quite straightforward, and what you
>>> need to do is adding a new service endponit that use https/ssl based >>> address. If hosting in IIS is possible, I recommend you host the [quoted text clipped - 6 lines] >>> >>> #Configuring SSL on a Web Server or Web Site (IIS 6.0) http://www.microsoft.com/technet/prodtechnol/WindowsServer2003/Library/IIS/5
>>> 6bdf977-14f8-4867-9c51-34c346d48b04.mspx?mfr=true >>> [quoted text clipped - 26 lines] >>> ================================================== >>> Get notification to my posts through email? Please refer to http://msdn.microsoft.com/subscriptions/managednewsgroups/default.aspx#notif
>>> ications. >>> [quoted text clipped - 35 lines] >>> Thanks very much, >>> JK
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